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Why anticipating use of force matters in corrections

Proactive thinking and clear justification are key to managing force incidents and protecting both staff and inmates

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In Today’s Tip, Gordon Graham emphasizes that corrections officers should anticipate use‑of‑force scenarios before they unfold — not react and hope their documentation holds up later.

Even in the controlled environment of a correctional facility, unpredictable disturbances demand quick decisions. Officers should prefer verbal or nonverbal de-escalation and, if they must use force, choose approved control devices. Importantly, once order is restored, they must clearly justify the necessity of force in their reports by detailing: what threat existed, whether they or others were at risk, and why no reasonable alternative was available.

Questions for discussion:

  1. In your facility, how often do officers rehearse or role‑play de-escalation and use-of-force decisions before a real disturbance occurs?
  2. What control devices are authorized in your corrections policies, and when are they preferred over hands-on force?
  3. After a use-of-force event, how does your department review and audit the reports to ensure the justification is robust and defensible?
  4. What barriers exist in your agency that might discourage officers from carefully documenting decisions made under stress?
  5. From a leadership perspective: How can commanders and supervisors set expectations and enforce standards so that every use-of-force incident is properly justified and transparent?

Get more tips from Gordon here.

Gordon Graham has been actively involved in law enforcement since 1973. He spent nearly 10 years as a very active motorcycle officer while also attending Cal State Long Beach to achieve his teaching credential, USC to do his graduate work in Safety and Systems Management with an emphasis on Risk Management, and Western State University to obtain his law degree. In 1982 he was promoted to sergeant and also admitted to the California State Bar and immediately opened his law offices in Los Angeles.